Published on : Sunday, October 9, 2022
Thomason and you will Kaufman (1988, 78-91) highly recommend a relationship amongst the designs and you can intensity of contact anywhere between languages while the kinds of determine hence impact. The types of alter which happen to be included in Neo-Aramaic appear to fall really easily in their group 3 otherwise cuatro, which are characterized by big lexical borrowing from the bank, along with restricted credit away from structural aspects. That is, it what to a population which includes always spoken Aramaic, however, whoever vocabulary has evolved not as much as pervading determine from other organizations, instead of the one that have followed Aramaic whenever you are retaining popular features of its modern tongue.(3)
An alternate challenge are our very own restricted knowledge of the modern dialects in addition to their taxonomy. The sole established dialect categories are those away from Maclean (1895, xii-xv), Cohen (1972) and you can Hoberman (1988). The initial a couple is actually limited to this new Christian and Jewish dialects, correspondingly, and you can none helps make obvious the latest standards about what it’s centered. Hoberman (1988) is a fantastic examination of pronouns and you can pronominal affixes coating good a number of languages and you will incorporating extensive relative repair; however, these research service never assume all organization dialect groupings.
Certain keys hold back progress here. To the one-hand, there are many different undocumented dialects. The absolute most urgent activity against experts in NA try meeting messages and you can grammatical descriptions of all languages which can be on verge from extinction. Odisho (1988, 19-24) refers to this new swift refuge of the more mature languages in the deal with out-of an alternative koine shaped about urban centers out of Iraq. Likewise, our very own information is sketchy and you can lack of even for of many identified languages. Under these types of criteria, Macuch ways (1990, 223), we are able to hardly develop a comparative sentence https://datingranking.net/tr/interracialpeoplemeet-inceleme/ structure off NENA, and indeed, during the current state in our training, such a work would be none done nor rewarding. Nonetheless, you should be capable shed particular light for the extremely important inquiries and that i’ve elevated of the researching a range of NA dialects to one another, to the other progressive languages, and also to their predecessors.
We have selected 11 more languages out-of NENA for the analysis. They truly are chose because the representatives of any of your really-discussed groups of dialects now-known so you can you. As one of the chief wants are reviewing the fresh new limits from brand new NENA device, we are going to include both of additional progressive East Aramaic dialects, Turoyo and you can Mandaic. Likewise, we shall leave out the fresh languages out of Aramaic spoken in the Malula and a couple most other Syrian towns since obviously as well dissimilar to contribute to it dialogue.
The fresh 11 NENA languages provided are definitely the adopting the: Hertevin (Her): That it is short for this new if you don’t unfamiliar Religious dialects out of Anatolia. Simple fact is that west-most NENA dialect, which is proven to us through the performs out of Jastrow (1971, 1988).
Zakho Jewish (Zakh): Which is short for the new Jewish languages of northern Iraq. Guidance arises from several supplies, including Sabar (1976), Meehan and you can Alon (1979), and you will Avinery (1988).
Tisqopa (Ts): Here is the words out of Tel Eskof regarding the plain out-of Mosul and you may means the new Christian languages of your own urban area, also referred to as Fellihi. Information is regarding Jo Rubba (individual interaction).
Jilu: This is basically the vocabulary of one’s area regarding Jilu inside the southeast Turkey. The language of your own surrounding region away from Gawar (modern Yuksekova) is considered of the Maclean (1901, ix) to be comparable. Every Neo-Armaic speakers remaining these components within the 1915. Info is off Fox (1992) and you will my personal notes.
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